Breast Cancer Overview
Breast cancer is the most common malignancy of women, according to statistics, the incidence of various malignant tumors accounted for 7-10% of the body, second only to uterine cancer in women. Its onset is often hereditary, and between 40-60 years of age, a higher incidence of post-menopausal women. Only about 1-2% of breast patients are men. Usually occurs in malignant breast epithelial tissue. Is a serious impact on women's health and even threaten one of the most common malignant tumor of life, male breast cancer is rare.
Breast cancer is breast epithelial cells in a variety of cancer-causing factors, the occurrence of genetic mutations, resulting in uncontrolled cell proliferation. Since the biological behavior of cancer cells is changed, showing a disorderly proliferation of malignant unlimited. It histological manifestations are a lot of naive unlimited proliferation of cancer cells and disorderly state crowded into a group, extrusion and erosion damage to surrounding normal tissue, disrupting the normal structure of the breast tissue.
Mammary gland cells mutate after losing the characteristics of normal cells, tissue structural disorder, loosely connected cells, cancer cells very easy to fall off free, with the spread of the body, such as blood or lymph formed early distant metastases, clinically to breast cancer Cure adds great difficulty. Transfer the body to vital organs such as lung metastases, brain metastases, bone metastasis and so will be a direct threat to human life, and therefore of human breast cancer is a serious life-threatening.
Breast cancer cause
long-term factors such as diet habits cause physical over-acidification of the body as a whole kidney function decline caused liver and kidney homologous kidney also focus on virtual thereby causing metabolic cycle slows cause thyroid diseases and endocrine disorders decreased immune function and thus the development of breast tissue dysplasia, and finally carcinogenesis
of breast cancer etiology is not yet fully understood, some risk factors have also confirmed there are still a lot of controversy, premenopausal and postmenopausal estrogen stimulation of breast cancer is a significant factor, in addition, genetic factors, dietary factors, physical and chemical factors outside world, as well as some benign breast disease and breast cancer incidence have a certain relationship.
Several major factors are known to induce breast cancer:
1 Age: In women, the incidence rises with age, rare before menarche, before age 20 are rare, but after the age of 20 the incidence increased rapidly, 45 to 50 years old is higher, but was relatively flat, after menopause the incidence continues to rise, to reach a peak of about 70 years, the mortality rate increases with age, the gradual rise in mortality after the age of 25, has always maintained until old age upward trend.
2 Genetic factors: a first-class women of the family straight pro family history of breast cancer who their risk of breast cancer is two to three times the normal population of the
three other breast diseases
4 menarche Age: 13 years earlier than the age at menarche onset The danger is older than 17 years old 2.2 times
5 menopausal age: older than 55 years of age menopause increase the risk of less than 45 years of age
at first pregnancy Age 6: With the risk of early middle age, and gradually postponed increased early middle age, after 35 years of age than those without the risk of reproductive history
7 postmenopausal estrogen replacement therapy: long-term use of estrogen at menopause may increase the risk of breast cancer
oral contraceptives 8
9 Food: especially fat diet can increase the risk of breast cancer
10 Drink
11 weight gain may be an important risk factor for breast cancer in postmenopausal women occurred in
12 long-term smoking
breast cancer symptoms
1. Painless lump: painless breast lump is often the main treatment in patients with symptoms of urge.
2. Nipple discharge: discharge can be colorless, white, yellow, brown, bloody, etc.; may be watery, blood, serous or purulent; discharge can be more or less, the time interval is also inconsistent.
3. Nipple and areola abnormalities: flat nipple retraction, depression, until fully retracted into the areola, nipple invisible. Sometimes entire breast lift, not in the same level on both sides of the nipple surface. Nipple erosion is a typical symptom of breast cancer. Inflammatory breast cancer when local skin inflammation-like performance; color from pink to dark red, more limited at the start, and soon expanded to most of the breast skin, accompanied by skin edema. Skin thickening, rough, surface temperature.
4. Diffusion and Development: The average doubling time of breast cancer cells for 90 days, can be found in pre-clinical tumor, tumor stage occult average of 12 years (6-20 years). Tumors in the event, and its development in the following ways: local extension, lymphatic spread, hematogenous spread.
5. Breast cancer if not treated, or ineffective administration will gradually infringe some of the following areas: lymph nodes, bone, lung, liver, brain, pleural cavity, pericardial effusion, hypercalcemia, spinal cord compression.
Breast cancer staging: Ⅰ futures primary tumor primary tumor is less than 2cm lymph node metastasis
of the primary tumor Ⅱ greater than 2cm with axillary lymph node metastasis, lymph node activity
Ⅲ of the primary tumor is larger than 5cm with axillary lymph node metastasis, lymph fixed
Ⅳ refers to the original the tumor of any size under the clavicle or collarbone distant metastasis of lymph node metastasis
symptoms of male breast cancer: the first clinical symptoms of male breast cancer is usually found in the patient's own - a symptom is a painless lump, usually located below the areola, just male breast tissue is concentrated, rapid tumor growth. When patients seek treatment, the tumor is not the only symptom. Nipple discharge are more likely than men to breast cancer. In addition, nipple retraction, skin changes, but also more common than breast cancer in women. We found that men with newly diagnosed breast cancer patients, about half of the axillary lymph nodes can be touched.
In general, male breast cancer and more unilateral, often located in the left breast, and bilateral and the breast can also occur. Male patient's age at diagnosis more often than female patients age was big, and when the diagnosis is also often compared to female patients was late.
When male breast following cases, should be timely treatment: 1. Caking and swelling sense 2. 3 skin sag and wrinkle. Nipple retraction 4. Nipple or breast skin redness, abnormal nipple size 5. Nipple discharge
how early detection of breast cancer
breast cancer early when it is, there is no clinical symptoms, and no mass, it is difficult to find, unless the application of special inspection methods. For early detection of breast cancer, the best way is to learn to regularly check their breasts for women, so you can make the tumor has not grown before it was discovered.
Self-examination, if found nipple or breast eczema -like changes or small nodules, do not easily let go, because the vast majority of these anomalies is the first symptom of breast cancer. Nipple discharge or eczema-like changes, because underwear is contaminated water stains, easy to find, and small superficial tumor nodules, without meaning it is easy to be overlooked. Whenever such a tank conditions, should go to the hospital immediately for further examination.
Patients, medical staff found no minor abnormalities of the breast, should be highly valued (rather than nervousness), such as the breast skin with mild depression (called "dimple syndrome"), or thickening of the breast skin thicker pores increasing phenomenon (called "orange peel syndrome"), these abnormal changes are also often characterized by breast cancer.
Sometimes rely solely on these cases to detect early clinical cases, may not be reliable, we should combine a comprehensive analysis of the patient's age. Between the ages of 35 to 55 years of age, is a high incidence of female breast cancer stage, in addition to the clinical diagnosis of a benign tumor, the cancer suspicious, often subject to local suction needle mass, cytology, and other frugal living excision Detection of Breast Cancer species, to confirm the diagnosis, to avoid misdiagnosis.
Therefore, we hope that every woman can insist once per quarter breast self-examination, I believe that the vast majority of cancer early can get discovered. Early breast cancer cure rate of up to 80 to 90%, can greatly improve the efficacy of breast cancer. Based on our experience, through a variety of methods to detect and comprehensive clinical examination, can be more than 95% of breast cancer were diagnosed.
Breast cancer in high-risk populations
increasing age, different genetics, lifestyle, etc., so that some women suffering from breast cancer than the average woman is high, they are characterized by:
① itself with breast cancer orOvarian cancer , there is a family history of breast cancer
or birth ② not until 35 years after birth, 40 years of age have not breastfeeding or birth
through early ③ before the age of 12, after a night stop (eg: by who stopped after age 55)
obesity ④
⑤ often intake of high-fat or high in animal fat, eat cooked beef
⑥ had done in the breast and pelvic surgery
⑦ excessive exposure to radiation or carcinogenic source (for example: the frequent application of X-ray or radiation therapy)
⑧ transferred to other breast cancer via (example: the risk of endometrial adenocarcinoma)
with chronic mental oppression ⑨
⑩ seldom exercise
preventive measures
to avoid the risk of breast cancer, women should have some "prevention of breast cancer," the basic knowledge, the following simple instructions:
1, more rich in fiber intake vegetarian food
obesity and weight gain are likely to cause breast cancer. Usually should be less intake of animal fat, absorb fibrous foods, vegetables, fruits, grains and legumes, thereby reducing the body's estrogen may cause breast cancer, reduce the incidence of breast cancer.
2, to develop good habits sports
statistics, according to medical experts, women who exercise regularly, the chances of developing breast cancer than women without movement by 30%. More exercise is not only beneficial to health, but also to prevent the occurrence of breast cancer.
3, regular breast examinations
① women aged 20-40 years old, you should do a breast self-test within a week after a month on vacation; every two years by a specialist to do a clinical examination or mammography.
② women aged between 40-49 years, in addition to regular monthly breast self-made, but once a year professional breast exam better.
③ over the age of 50 women should have regular monthly breast self, and must do a clinical breast examination and breast X-rays per year.
Although women have the risk of breast cancer, as long as you adhere to the above these, away from the threat of breast cancer will be able to achieve early detection, early treatment efficacy.
Treatment of breast cancer
surgical treatment of a
primary treatment for breast cancer surgery is still one of a variety of surgical procedures is still lack of consensus on its choice overall trend is to minimize damage to the equipment operation conditions allow for early breast cancer Patients try to keep surgical breast shape no matter what the choice must be strictly controlled in order to cure the main principles of function and shape retention supplemented. Surgery can cut cancer, but there are residual cancer, or regional lymph node metastasis, tumor thrombus or blood vessels in the presence of such a high probability of recurrence and metastasis. Long-term use of traditional Chinese medicine truth disperse after treatment to prevent recurrence and metastasis
(a) pioneered surgical indications Halsted radical mastectomy surgery because of clear and reasonable efficacy of treatment of breast cancer over the past century become the standard way followed nearly half a century of breast cancer surgery Type the general trend has been a lot of nothing more than a conservative exploratory modify and expand both still debating representative local excision and postoperative breast conservative surgery mastectomy radiotherapy needs of different radiation dose is generally 30 ~ 70Gy to the strict limitations of early cancer choose to receive a good effect, but if conventional treatments as early breast cancer and how to accurately choose such early cancer harder to draw conclusions
(two) surgery contraindications
1. Systemic contraindications: ① ② tumor metastasis who can not tolerate surgery frail ③ generally poor showing cachexia ④ important organ dysfunction who can not tolerate surgery
2. Localized disease Contraindications: Patients with stage Ⅲ one of the following conditions: ① orange peel-like skin, breast edema, more than half of the breast area; ② breast skin satellite nodules; ③ violations of the chest wall breast cancer; beside the breastbone lymph ④ clinical examination enlargement and confirmed to be transferred; ⑤ upper limb edema; pathologically confirmed lymph node metastasis on ⑥ clavicle; ⑦ inflammatory breast cancer have both of the following five conditions: ① tumor ulceration; ② orange peel-like skin, breast edema accounting Breast Size l / 3 or less; ② cancer and pectoralis major fixed; ④ axillary lymph maximum diameter of more than 2.5cm; ⑤ axillary lymph stick to each other or with the skin deep tissue adhesions
(three) surgical
one. Radical mastectomy: 1894 Halsted and Meger surgical principles were published radical mastectomy operation method: ① the primary tumor and regional lymph nodes should be en bloc resection; ② removal of all breast size and breast muscle; ③ axillary lymph nodes for block Haagensen complete resection of breast cancer radical surgery improved surgical procedure should be particularly emphasized the thorough and meticulous stripping ① main flap; flips out from the chest wall muscle size will be cut off after chest flap ② completely separated; ③ long thoracic anatomy of the axillary God Drive should be retained as the armpit lymph nodes were no significant nerve can also keep the harness; ④ chest wall defect always be a common complication of skin grafting are: ① axillary vein injury: the anatomy of the axillary vein due to multiple surrounding fat and lymphatic tissue Anatomy unclear or too close to the axillary vein due to time off due to the axillary vein is exposed and therefore clearly very important to keep a little branch stump ② pneumothorax : Sometimes due to clamp off the chest wall when the pectoralis minor muscle pectoralis major rib end stop The small blood vessels under the penetrating branches touch the broken clamp too deep intercostal muscles and pleura caused tension pneumothorax caused by postoperative complications are: ① subcutaneous fluid: more a result of poor or skin graft fixation can be caused by poor drainage and subcutaneous Various organizations suture between the chest wall and continuous suction drainage to prevent skin flap necrosis ②: skin tight and stitched leather piece is too thin, etc. can occur for many reasons skin defects should be used when grafting ③ upper limb edema of upper limb flattering limited: mainly reduced activity after subcutaneous scarring caused by traction thus requiring early postoperative functional exercise should normally be about a month after lifting the basic degree can be achieved with ease
2. Extended radical mastectomy in breast cancer: extended radical mastectomy for breast cancer include radical mastectomy that radical surgery and internal mammary lymph node dissection that is cleared when the 1-4 second intercostal lymph node resection of the need to have three or four costal pleura surgical approach and extrapleural French former trauma complications and they tend to use the latter
three. Modified radical mastectomy (modified radical mastectomy): mainly used for non-invasive cancer or invasive cancer Ⅱ clinical stage I had no axillary lymph nodes may also choose applications
(1) Ⅰ type: Reserved pectoralis minor muscle chest skin incision and the principle of separation flap with radical mastectomy do first mastectomy (surgical pectoralis major fascia resection) to the whole breast anatomy side then underwent axillary lymph node Clear Clear range with radical mastectomy chest basic path of God and should be retained Finally, the whole breast and axillary lymph tissue en bloc resection
(2) Ⅱ type: removal of the pectoralis minor muscle pectoralis major steps such as before skin incision breast dissociated to cut off the outer edge of the pectoralis major pectoralis major rib 456 reservations attachment point and turn upward step to expand the surgical field with radical surgery department at the scapula coracoid cut the pectoralis minor muscle attachment points keep the following in mind that the chest nerves and blood vessels accompanying the whole breast last pectoralis minor muscle and axillary lymph tissue throughout block resection
4. Breast surgery alone: As an ancient surgical and had been replaced in recent years with the development of radical mastectomy for breast cancer biology and mastectomy again pay attention to its indications: First, non-invasive or axillary cases of lymph node metastasis of early postoperative radiotherapy can not be on two late stage breast cancer with partial resection of radiotherapy alone from growing cosmetology if asked to see mastectomy breast reconstruction is still the need for complex surgery to unsuitable Early disease of young women, so it's mainly old and feeble indications should be limited or only palliative resection in some advanced cases
5. Less than surgical mastectomy: In recent years, due to advances in radiation therapy equipment found in early lesions than in the past as well as to improve the patient's quality of life after surgery requirements and thus have a lot less than full coverage mastectomy surgery conservative surgical approach from local removal until l / 4 Some applications mastectomy radiotherapy
breast-conserving surgery is not suitable for all breast cancer cases are not a substitute for all but a modified radical mastectomy breast cancer treatment approach should be taken to avoid local recurrence its indications roughly as follows: ① tumor smaller portions suitable for clinical T1 and T2 (less than 4 cm) or less lesions; ② tumor located around the areola are often inappropriate; ③ solitary lesions; ④ clear tumor boundaries as the naked eye can not see or microscope to clear the border are often inappropriate; ⑤ axillary lymph node metastasis clear effect of treatment with the following factors: ① tumor resection margin must have normal border if there is sufficient margin for normal organizer better prognosis; ② primary tumor size and histological grading; ③ postoperative radiation therapy after surgery without radiation therapy as a higher rate of local recurrence
two radiotherapy
radiation complications, and even cause some loss of function, which can scatter the truth with traditional Chinese medicine to reduce the side effects of radiotherapy. Radiation therapy is the treatment of breast cancer is one of the main components of local treatment compared to treatment with the less restricted surgical anatomy of the patient and other factors, but the physical effect of radiation therapy is being affected by biological effects of radiation in radiotherapy facilities currently used more difficult to achieve "complete kill" the purpose of the effect of tumor surgery less so now than most scholars do not advocate for the cure for breast cancer radiotherapy radiotherapy lines used for comprehensive treatment, including radical surgery or made after prior adjuvant treatment of advanced breast cancer palliative treatment for nearly 10 years to the earlier breast cancer to local excision combined therapy efficacy and increasingly radical mastectomy radiotherapy was no significant difference in narrowing the scope of operation plays an important role in
(a) preoperative radiotherapy
1. Indications
(1) primary tumors larger estimated direct surgery have difficulty
(2) rapid tumor growth by significant growth in the short term
(3) primary tumors have significant skin edema or chest muscle adhesions
(4) axillary lymph nodes or with larger skin and surrounding tissues have significant adhesions
(5) Application of preoperative chemotherapy before tumor regression unsatisfactory cases
(6) fight for surgical resection in patients with inflammatory breast cancer
2. The role of preoperative radiotherapy
(1) can increase the resection rate so that some patients with inoperable opportunity to re-surgery
(2) due to the radiation inhibited tumor cell activity can reduce the recurrence rate and metastasis rate and thus improve survival
(3) Due to prolonged preoperative radiation observation time has to make in some cases have subclinical distant metastasis avoid an unnecessary surgery
3. The disadvantage of preoperative radiotherapy
increased surgical complications and postoperative staging properly measured hormone receptor
4. Preoperative radiotherapy application methods
preoperative radiotherapy should be as high-energy rays can better protect normal tissue complications of radiation technology to reduce most of the existing conventional split moderate doses generally do not fast hyperfractionated radiation or radiation after the end of radiotherapy 4-6 week an operation ideal
(two) postoperative radiotherapy
after radical resection of the need for radiation treatment of breast cancer was the most controversial issue in recent years, many authors acknowledge that postoperative radiotherapy can reduce the rate of locoregional recurrence of breast cancer made since Fishor After the new view of breast cancer treatment has gradually shifted from the local comprehensive treatment of postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy in the treatment of postoperative radiation is no longer widely used as a routine therapy after radical but selectively applied
1. Indications
(1) simple mastectomy
(2) radical mastectomy with axillary pathology report group or groups in the axillary lymph node metastasis
(3) radical pathologically confirmed metastatic lymph nodes than half of the total accounted for inspection or 4 more lymph node metastasis
(4) internal mammary lymph node metastasis histologically confirmed cases (irradiated supraclavicular area
(5) the primary tumor in the breast or inside center for radical surgery, especially those with axillary lymph node metastasis
2. radiotherapy principles
(1) Ⅰ Ⅱ radical mastectomy or breast cancer after radical imitation of the primary tumor in the outer quadrant of the breast biopsy negative axillary lymph node surgery without radiation therapy; axillary lymph node irradiation after breast area and collarbone area when positive; primary tumor in the breast center area or quadrant biopsy negative axillary lymph nodes only when irradiation after axillary lymph node-positive breast area plus up and down according to the collarbone area
(2) Phase Ⅲ Mastectomy whether positive or negative axillary lymph node irradiation in breast area and all up and down the clavicle area and the chest wall may be considered according to the number of positive axillary lymph node involvement with or without chest wall irradiation
(3) after radical mastectomy axillary lymph nodes have been removed unless the general is no longer illuminated surgical removal of axillary region is not complete or residual lesions before considering additional axillary area irradiation
(4) radiotherapy should be in 4 to 6 weeks after surgery began to have skin grafts may be extended to eight weeks
(three) radiation therapy treatment
in the past for locally advanced tumors without surgical indications for radiation therapy is often In recent years, with the progress of palliative radiotherapy to improve and enhance equipment and technology and radiobiology research local tumor allows for a higher radiation dose and less damage to surrounding normal tissue treatment significantly improved the current minor surgery plus radiation therapy to begin Early breast cancer radiation therapy so that the treatment of breast cancer with radical shift from palliative most authors believe that the patient is less than 3cmN0 primary tumor or N1 may be considered minor surgery plus radiotherapy for locally advanced breast cancer radiation therapy is still a effective topical treatment for removal of all tumor before radiation or as a simple mastectomy may improve the outcome
(four) radiation therapy of metastatic recurrence
of breast cancer recurrence is a bad omen, but not hopeless
appropriate local therapy can improve the quality of life of the extension survival Ono Ono irradiation irradiation irradiation is effective aspect ratio should maximize the use of irradiation for recurrent cases Ono radiation chemotherapy combined treatment should be used especially for the rapid development of distant metastasis of breast cancer recurrence when first consider appropriate chemotherapy with radiation may relieve symptoms reduce patient As painful bone metastases patients reduce pain after radiotherapy or disappear for the transfer of patients had thoracolumbar radiation can prevent or delay the occurrence of paraplegia
measuring three hormone receptors and endocrine therapy relationship
with the efficacy of breast cancer hormone receptor determination of a clear relationship : ① Application estrogen receptor-positive endocrine therapy effective rate of 50% to 60% while the negative ones less than 10% efficient simultaneous determination of the progesterone receptor can more accurately estimate the effect of endocrine therapy are both positive efficiency relationship up to 77% receptor levels are positively correlated with the efficacy of the treatment effect was better the higher levels ② receptor-negative cells are often poorly differentiated receptor-negative patients had postoperative recurrence regardless of lymph node metastasis receptor negative prognosis than positive difference, if any, positive skin and soft tissue tends to recur frequently or bone metastases tend scheme negative receptor positive visceral metastasis ③ hormone receptors has been used for the development of postoperative adjuvant therapy In particular, patients who are post-menopausal hormone therapy can be used as an adjuvant therapy after surgery before menopause or hormone receptor negative places adjuvant chemotherapy
five chemotherapy
(a) Principles of adjuvant chemotherapy with chemotherapy will suppress bone marrow hematopoietic system mainly decreased white blood cells and platelets, and this time it is necessary to take medicine to cope with the truth scattered, so that it can compensate for the lack of chemotherapy, chemotherapy to reduce damage to the hematopoietic system. Most breast cancer is a systemic disease has been confirmed by numerous experimental studies and clinical observations when breast development is greater than lcm in clinically palpable mass is a systemic disease often have distant micrometastases can exist only with the current inspection methods still can not find it aims to make the surgical treatment of the primary tumor and regional lymph nodes get the greatest degree of local control to reduce local recurrence and improve survival after tumor resection, but the body is still based on the presence of residual tumor cells at the time of diagnosis of breast cancer is a The purpose of systemic diseases species concept is chemotherapy to eradicate residual tumor cells in the body to improve the cure rate of surgery
(two) preoperative chemotherapy
1. Significance of preoperative chemotherapy
(1) early control of micrometastases
(2) so that the primary cancer and the proliferation of cancer cells surrounding degeneration or partially killed in order to reduce recurrence and metastasis
(3) advanced and inflammatory breast cancer limits the type of breast cancer surgery before the implementation of preoperative chemotherapy can shrink tumors so that surgical resection
(4) can evaluate the effect of chemotherapy before surgery or recurrent postoperative chemotherapy as an option to remove the tumor specimens according to reference
2. The method of preoperative chemotherapy
(1) preoperative chemotherapy: Shanghai Medical University Cancer Hospital since 1978, 96 cases of patients with breast cancer before the oral pyrimidine benzene mustard served daily 15mg 2d ld stop taking the total to 94 after surgery and 45mg Compared to patients in the control group of 5-year survival rate of patients in the treatment group Ⅲ was 56.3% in the control group was 39.3% (2)
preoperative arterial infusion chemotherapy: There intrathoracic subclavian artery and arterial two methods
(three) adjuvant chemotherapy
1. Indications for adjuvant chemotherapy
(1) axillary lymph node-positive premenopausal women, irrespective of how estrogen receptor circumstances are used in combination with chemotherapy has been prescribed as a standard treatment options should
(2) axillary lymph node-positive and estrogen receptor-positive Postmenopausal women should be the preferred anti-estrogen therapy
(3) axillary lymph node-positive and estrogen receptor-negative postmenopausal women can be considered as the standard regimen of chemotherapy, but not recommended
(4) axillary lymph node-negative premenopausal women do not generally recommend adjuvant therapy However, some high-risk patients should be considered for adjuvant chemotherapy
(5) women, regardless of how estrogen receptor levels but no indication of adjuvant chemotherapy should be considered for certain high risk patients after adjuvant chemotherapy in postmenopausal axillary lymph node-negative
high-risk node-negative breast recurrence factors are the following: ① hormone receptor cell percentage (ERPR)-negative tumors S High ② ③ ④ aneuploid tumors have CerbB-2 oncogene overexpression or amplification of those
two. Modern view of adjuvant chemotherapy
(1) postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy should strive for an early 2 weeks after the application no later than one month after surgery and then obviously if the lesion to be used to reduce the effect of
(2) in combination with chemotherapy than chemotherapy single-agent chemotherapy is effective
(3) the need to reach a certain adjuvant chemotherapy doses up to 85 percent better planned dose
(4) the treatment of breast cancer after not too long advocated for six consecutive courses of chemotherapy
in breast cancer diet
breast cancer diet principles:
1, emphasizes balanced nutrition, focusing on righting tonic
breast cancer patients, "the imaginary" is a disease, the principal contradiction in the development process. Due to virtual and cancer, because cancer caused virtual, virtual reality in the folder to virtual oriented. The purpose is to ensure that breast cancer patients diet adequate nutritional supplement and improve the body's resistance to diseases, to promote the rehabilitation of the patient should be righting tonic for the overall principle. Therefore, "Nei Jing", said: "Valley of meat, fruit and vegetable nutrition, do no make over, the wound which are also." Under the guidance of General righting tonic for breast cancer patients diet should be nutritious and diversified , equalization. As the "via" the cloud:. "Grain for the support, the five fruits in order to assist, five animals for the benefit, the five dishes for the charge" biased lost, then the harm than good.
2, familiar taste vest, emphasizing dialectical soup
breast cancer and other diseases, patients have partial victory yin and yang, cold and heat are different. Food is also cold and cool, acrid gas stand sour salty flavors of the other four. Heat syndrome should be cold, cold syndrome should be warm; Gomi entrance, all have somewhere to go, Gan Rupi, Xin lungs, into the kidney salty, bitter into the heart, the liver acid. Pungent warm casual, such as ginger, scallion stalk; Sweet gentle, such as yam, Gorgon fruit, caramel; mild infiltration benefits, such as melon, Yiyiren; sour astringent, such as plum, hawthorn; salty Ruanjian, such as seaweed, kelp, oysters.
3, select the anti-cancer foods, and strive to be targeted
Medicinal and Edible, some food both therapeutic anticancer effects, can be targeted to select applications. Folk use it with cloves, Shi Di treatment of esophageal cancer , breast cancer, liver cancer, experiments have confirmed their oncogenic viruses in mice transplanted tumor inhibition. Everyday foods such as garlic, soy, green tea, etc., are also anti-cancer medicine.
[Should]
(1) should eat foods with anti-cancer effects, such as the hippocampus, horseshoe crab, cobra meat, sperm whale oil, toad meat, crab, red, clams, oysters, sea turtle meat, seaweed, asparagus, seaweed.
(2) should eat with strengthening the immune system and prevent the recurrence of food, including mulberry, kiwi, asparagus, squash, barley, beans, yams, mushrooms, shrimp, crab, herring, shrimp, snakes.
(3) swelling should eat barley, gourd, red bean, taro, grape, litchi, water chestnuts, carp, Cat, shark fish, kelp, catfish, catfish, snail.
(4) pain, nipple retraction should eat fennel, green onion, shrimp, Dragon, wiping whale sesame oil, orange cake, grapefruit, horseshoe crab
[bogey]
(1) avoid tobacco, alcohol, coffee, cocoa.
(2) Ji Xin pepper, ginger, cinnamon and other spicy food.
(3) Avoid fatty, fried, mildew, pickled foods.
(4) Avoid fat cock and other objects.
Breast self-examination
[1] visual examination: off his shirt in bright light, the face of the mirror to make bilateral breast visual examination: arms drooping, curved contour observe whether there are changes on both sides of the breast, whether at the same height, breast nipple and areola skin or without peeling or erosion, improve or nipple retraction, and hands on his hips rotate around the body to do more than continue to observe the changes in shape.
Palpation: Take upright or supine position, left hand on the back of the head, check the left breast with his right hand, fingers to close together, gradually moving clockwise from the top of the breast examination, according to the outside, outside, the inside, the inside, the armpit order , the system checks for lumps, be careful not to miss any part, do not press with your fingertips or squeezes, after checking the breasts, with the index finger and middle finger gently squeeze the nipple to observe whether there is bloody discharge, through inspection, If you find a lump or other abnormality to the hospital for further examination.